The effect of surprise even increases when this is not the case and when we believe that a message means something (or is useful) against the background of other possibilities. Information, accordingly, originates only in systems which possess a comparative schema-even if this amounts only to: “this or something else.” For communication, we do not have to presuppose that both parties use the same comparative schema. It results when one compares one message or entry with regard to other possibilities. Information is an intra-systematic event. Only in the way can information be produced in the respective other. One of the most basic presuppositions of communication is that the partners can mutually surprise each other. And if one has to write anyway, it is useful to take advantage of this activity in order to create in the system of notes a competent partner o communication. Only if we have secured in this way the constancy of the schema that produces information, can the consistency of the subsequent processes of processing information be guaranteed. Somehow we must mark differences, and capture distinctions which are either implicitly or explicitly contained in concepts. It is impossible to think without writing at least it is impossible in any sophisticated or networked ( anschlußfähig) fashion. That slip boxes can be recommended as partners of communication is first of all due to a simple problem about technical and economic theoretical research. No one will be surprised that we consider ourselves to be systems, but what about communication or even successful communication? One of us listens to the other? This needs to be explained. In spite of this, we choose a communicative theory starting point. For both of us, that is myself and my slip box, it is easy to think of systems theory. įor generalizations or research that also applies to other cases, we need problems, concepts, and, whenever possible, theories. And it is research, for we can-at least that is what I hope-generalize from it even though one of the participants, or better: both of them, themselves generalize themselves. Still, it is empirical, as this case really obtains. It should be clear that the usual methods of empirical sociology would fail in this special case. It concerns me and someone else, namely my slip box. What follows is a piece of empirical sociology. Communicating with Slip Boxes An Empirical Account
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